droits de l'homme
Raul Castro n’aime pas (non plus) les journalistes
Reporters sans frontières déplore que le bilan de la liberté de la presse à Cuba se soit encore aggravé avec la détention de Ramón Velázquez Toranso, journaliste de l’agence indépendante Libertad. Arrêté le 23 janvier 2007 et détenu à la prison provinciale de Las Tunas (Est), le journaliste a entamé le 30 janvier une grève de la faim. Depuis la prise de fonctions de Raúl Castro à la tête de l’État, le 31 juillet 2006, une quarantaine de journalistes ont été interpellés, agressés ou menacés, dont certains à plusieurs reprises.
« Les rares promesses d’ouverture du pouvoir intérimaire de Raúl Castro ne se sont traduites par aucune avancée en matière de liberté de la presse. Les journalistes indépendants continuent de subir les harcèlements et les brutalités de la Sécurité de l’État. Ramón Velázquez Toranso n’a commis d’autre crime que de manifester pacifiquement pour demander davantage de liberté d’expression. Le pouvoir croit-il sérieusement se rapprocher de la communauté internationale en persistant dans l’intransigeance et l’arbitraire ? Il aurait tout à gagner en libérant les prisonniers d’opinion », a déclaré Reporters sans frontières.
Le 23 janvier, Ramón Velázquez Toranso a été arrêté avec sa femme et sa fille à la gare routière de Ciego de Ávila (Centre). La famille du journaliste avait été à l’initiative, le 10 décembre 2006, d’une Marche pour l’unité, reliant Las Tunas à La Havane, destinée à obtenir des autorités le respect des libertés fondamentales. Le 4 janvier, Rámon Velázquez Toranso, sa famille et d’autres marcheurs avaient été arrêtés une première fois à Ciego de Ávila puis relâchés. Renvoyé à Las Tunas, le journaliste avait été intercepté le lendemain à Camagüey (Centre), d’où il tentait de relancer la marche pacifique. Harcelé depuis plusieurs mois par la Sécurité de l’État (police politique), le journaliste avait été condamné à trois ans de « liberté surveillée » par le tribunal provincial de Las Tunas pour « dangerosité sociale prédélictueuse ».
Le 23 janvier, la femme et la fille du dissident ont recouvré rapidement la liberté tandis que leur mari et père a été incarcéré dans les locaux de la troisième unité de la police nationale de Las Tunas. Transféré au mitard de la prison provinciale « El Típico » du département, le journaliste a entamé une grève de la faim le 30 janvier. La Sécurité de l’État a averti sa famille qu’il serait privé de visite tant qu’il s’abstiendrait de s’alimenter. Ramón Velázquez Toranso fait partie de l’agence indépendante Libertad, basée à Las Tunas, dont le directeur et fondateur, José Luis García Paneque, purge une peine de 24 ans de prison depuis le « printemps noir » de mars 2003.
Directrice de l’agence La Voz de Oriente, Haydee Rodríguez a entamé, elle aussi, une grève de la faim après une perquisition musclée de la Sécurité de l’État à son domicile de Santiago de Cuba (Sud-Est), le 20 janvier 2007. La police politique lui a confisqué les livres, les revues et les crayons qu’elle devait livrer à une bibliothèque indépendante. Le capitaine Giovanis Durán a également emporté son matériel d’enregistrement, deux postes de radio et des documents de l’Union européenne que la journaliste, de nationalité espagnole, reçoit régulièrement.
Le 29 janvier à Ciego de Ávila, selon le site Payolibre, José Mariño, chef provincial du contre-espionnage de la Sécurité de l’État, a violemment interpellé Luis Esteban Espinosa Echemendía, 20 ans, de l’agence Jóvenes sin Censura, avant de le soumettre à un contrôle au commissariat et de saisir son matériel journalistique. Le jeune journaliste avait déjà été arrêté et détenu pendant deux heures par la Sécurité de l’État le 10 janvier. Le 2 février, la police politique a mis à sac le domicile de son collègue de la même agence, Yosvani Anzardo Hernández, pour y chercher en vain de la « propagande ennemie ».
Enfin, le 24 janvier, le tribunal provincial de Camagüey a décidé de reporter au 8 février prochain le procès du journaliste indépendant Armando Betancourt, 44 ans, détenu sans jugement depuis le 23 mai 2006. Selon sa femme, Mercedes Boudet, elle-même menacée d’emprisonnement par la police, Armando Betancourt est incarcéré pour « activités anti-gouvernmentales » mais pourrait être condamné pour un délit de droit commun.
Benoît Hervieu
Despacho Américas / Americas desk
Reporters sans frontières
5, rue Geoffroy-Marie
75009 Paris – France
www.rsf.org
www.leblogmedias.com (en français)
droits de l'homme
L’organisation internationale contre la torture lance une « intervention d’urgence » pour José Daniel Ferrer
MIAMI, États-Unis.- L’Observatoire pour la protection des défenseurs des droits humains (OPDDH), a lancé ce vendredi une campagne d' »Interventions urgentes » en faveur du prisonnier politique et de conscience cubain José Daniel Ferrer García, leader de l’Union patriotique de Cuba (UNPACU), selon une note de Radio Televisión Martí.
droits de l'homme
Who Is Filling Cuba’s University Classrooms?
New students at the University of Havana (14ymedio) Born during the Special Period, they have grown up trapped in the dual currency system, and when they get their degrees Raul Castro will no longer be in power. They are the more than 100,000 young people just starting college throughout the country. Their brief biographies include educational experiments, battles of ideas, and the emergence of new technologies They know more about X-Men than about Elpidio Valdés, and only remember Fidel Castro from old photos and archived documentaries. They are the Wi-Fi kids with their pirate networks, raised with the « packets » of copied shows and illegal satellite dishes
New students at the University of Havana (14ymedio)
Born during the Special Period, they have grown up trapped in the dual currency system, and when they get their degrees Raul Castro will no longer be in power. They are the more than 100,000 young people just starting college throughout the country. Their brief biographies include educational experiments, battles of ideas, and the emergence of new technologies They know more about X-Men than about Elpidio Valdés, and only remember Fidel Castro from old photos and archived documentaries.
They are the Wi-Fi kids with their pirate networks, raised with the « packets » of copied shows and illegal satellite dishes. Some nights they would connect through routers and play strategy video games that made them feel powerful and free. Whoever wants to know them should know that they’ve had « emerging teachers » since elementary school and were taught grammar, math and ideology via television screens. However, they ended up being the least ideological of the Cubans who today inhabit this Island, the most cosmopolitan and with the greatest vision of the future.
On arriving at junior high school they played at throwing around around the obligatory snack of bread while their parents furtively passed their lunches through the school gate. They have a special physical ability, an adaptation that has allowed them to survive the environment; they don’t hear what doesn’t interest them, they close their ears to the harangues of morning assemblies and politicians. They seem lazier than other generations and in reality they are, but in their case this apathy acts like an evolutionary advantage. They’re better than us and will live in a country that has nothing to do with what we were promised.
A few months ago, these same young people, starred in the best known case of school fraud uncovered publicly. Some of those hoping to earn a place in higher education bought the answers to an admissions test. They were used to paying for approval, because they had to turn to private tutors to teach them what they should have learned in the classroom. Many of those who recently enrolled in the university had private teachers starting in elementary school. They are the children of a new emerging class that has used its resources so that their children can reach a desk at the right hand — or the left — of the alma mater.
These young people dressed in uniforms in their earlier grades, but they struggled to differentiate themselves through the length of a shirt, a fringe of bleached hair, or through pants sagging below their hips. They are the children of those who barely had a change of underwear in the nineties, so their parents tried to make sure they didn’t « go through the same thing, » and turned to the black market for their clothes and shoes. They mock the false austerity and, not wanting to look like militants, they love bright shiny colors and name brand outfits.
Yesterday, with the start of the school year, they received a lecture about the attempts of « imperialism to undermine the revolution through its youth. » It was like a faint drizzle running over an impervious surface. The government is right to be worried; these young people who have entered the university will never become good soldiers or fanatics. The clay from which they are made cannot be molded.
Excerpt from:
Who Is Filling Cuba’s University Classrooms?
droits de l'homme
A Caricature of a Cuban Woman
Woman drinking (14ymedio) 14yMEDIO, Yoani Sanchez, Havana, 22 August 2014 — A woman on national television said that her husband « helps » her with some household chores. To many, the phrase may sound like the highest aspiration of every woman. Another lady asserts that her husband behaves like a « Federated man, » an allusion to the Federation of Cuban Women (FMC), which today is celebrating its 54th anniversary. As for me, on this side of the screen, I feel sorry for them in the face of such meekness
14yMEDIO, Yoani Sanchez, Havana, 22 August 2014 — A woman on national television said that her husband « helps » her with some household chores. To many, the phrase may sound like the highest aspiration of every woman. Another lady asserts that her husband behaves like a « Federated man, » an allusion to the Federation of Cuban Women (FMC), which today is celebrating its 54th anniversary. As for me, on this side of the screen, I feel sorry for them in the face of such meekness. Instead of the urgent demands they should mention, all I hear is this appreciation directed to a power as manly as it is deaf.
It’s not about « helping » to wash a plate or watch the kids, nor tiny illusory gender quotas that hide so much discrimination like a slap. The problem is that economic and political power remains mainly in masculine hands. What percentage of car owners are women? How many acres of land are owned or leased by women. How many Cuban ambassadors on missions abroad wear skirts? Can anyone recite the number of men who request paternity leave to take care of their newborns? How many young men are stopped by the police each day to warn them they can’t walk with a tourist? Who mostly attends the parent meetings at the schools?
Please, don’t try to « put us to sleep » with figures in the style of, « 65 percent of our cadres and 50 percent of our grassroots leaders are women. » The only thing this statistic means is that more responsibility falls on our shoulders, which means neither a high decision-making level nor greater rights. At least such a triumphalist phrase clarifies that there are « grassroots leaders, » because we know that decisions at the highest level are made by men who grew up under the precepts that we women are beautiful ornaments to have at hand… always and as long as we keep our mouths shut.
I feel sorry for the docile and timid feminist movement that exists in my country. Ashamed for those ladies with their ridiculous necklaces and abundant makeup who appear in the official media to tell us that « the Cuban woman has been the greatest ally of the Revolution. » Words spoken at the same moment when a company director is sexually harassing his secretary, when a beaten woman can’t get a restraining order against her abusive husband, when a policeman tells the victim of a sexual assault, « Well, with that skirt you’re wearing… » and the government recruits shock troops for an act of repudiation against the Ladies in White.
Women are the sector of the population that has the most reason to shout their displeasure. Because half a century after the founding of the caricature of an organization that is the Federation of Cuban Women, we are neither more free, nor more powerful, nor even more independent.
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A Caricature of a Cuban Woman