droits de l'homme
Raul Rivero raconte ses conditions de détention
J’avais droit à vingt-cinq minutes de téléphone par semaine, et Blanca Reyes, ma femme, me faisait des synthèses de ce qui se passait. Et, tous les trois mois, pendant les deux heures de visite auxquelles nous avions droit, elle m’informait aussi, me disait que telle personne avait écrit tel article. Tout cela m’aidait à garder ma sérénité mentale. Car la première année a été très dure en prison : j’étais dans une cellule d’isolement, dans des conditions humiliantes. Je passais quatre heures à écrire, et autant à lire : comme une journée de travail. C’est ce que je m’étais fixé. Mais parfois, vu les conditions difficiles, ce rythme était bouleversé. Par exemple, il n’y avait de l’eau que quinze minutes par jour. Il fallait alors vite remplir les bouteilles, se laver rapidement. On nous sortait aussi quarante-cinq minutes au soleil, menottés, dans une cellule de mêmes dimensions (6 m2) mais sans toit. L’insomnie aussi pouvait influer sur ce programme : il y avait dans la cellule des grenouilles qui me sautaient dessus au milieu de la nuit et me réveillaient en sursaut, des grillons qui s’installaient dans un coin et m’empêchaient de dormir.
Il faut se constituer une sorte de forteresse spirituelle pour s’en sortir. Ces nouvelles que me transmettait Blanca étaient très importantes. Savoir qu’un ami en Espagne avait écrit un article, que Gallimard avait publié un de mes livres (je mourais d’envie de voir la couverture ! C’est le genre de choses importantes pour un écrivain…). Savoir qu’il y avait des personnes que j’aime beaucoup, et qui ont été très impliquées, comme Zoé Valdés, et d’autres que j’admire sans les connaître. Je ne m’attendais pas à une telle réaction, de la même façon que le gouvernement cubain ne s’y attendait pas.
Aviez-vous accès à des livres, à des journaux ?
Ma femme pouvait m’apporter des livres, et j’avais aussi un petit poste de radio, qui transmettait les informations cubaines. Mais pas de télévision, et, seulement de façon sporadique, Granma (quotidien officiel du Parti communiste cubain, ndlr), rien de plus. Mais j’ai pu recevoir des livres de poésie, des romans, un dictionnaire de la langue espagnole, qui m’a aidé pour écrire mes poésies. La poésie a été un refuge ; j’ai même écrit un livre de poèmes en prison.
C’était plus compliqué pour sortir les textes de la prison. La police avait fixé un thème : ce ne devait être que des poèmes d’amour. Alors je les donnais à un officier de la police politique et les poèmes «approuvés» étaient transmis à mon épouse. Ce livre, qui est donc passé par les yeux attentifs de la police, va bientôt sortir en Espagne. Ceux qui n’étaient pas approuvés m’étaient rendus, et il y en avait d’autres que je ne soumettais pas à la lecture, parce qu’ils touchaient à d’autres thèmes : l’expérience en prison, les histoires de détenus, des petits événements. Par exemple, un jour, un papillon est passé devant la fenêtre grillagée de la cellule, et j’ai passé toute la journée à attendre qu’il repasse. Il n’est pas revenu, alors je l’ai imaginé et j’ai écrit un texte.
Dans une cellule d’isolement, la vie s’arrête, on reste seul avec ses souvenirs. ça a été une étape très sombre, j’avais une condamnation très lourde (vingt ans de prison, ndlr), j’avais déjà 57 ans au moment de mon arrestation, je ne savais pas quand j’allais sortir de là… parfois je me sentais étouffé, par l’éloignement de ma famille, de ma mère, très âgée, de mes filles.
extrait d’une ITV de Jean Baret pour Libération
droits de l'homme
L’organisation internationale contre la torture lance une « intervention d’urgence » pour José Daniel Ferrer
MIAMI, États-Unis.- L’Observatoire pour la protection des défenseurs des droits humains (OPDDH), a lancé ce vendredi une campagne d' »Interventions urgentes » en faveur du prisonnier politique et de conscience cubain José Daniel Ferrer García, leader de l’Union patriotique de Cuba (UNPACU), selon une note de Radio Televisión Martí.
droits de l'homme
Who Is Filling Cuba’s University Classrooms?
New students at the University of Havana (14ymedio) Born during the Special Period, they have grown up trapped in the dual currency system, and when they get their degrees Raul Castro will no longer be in power. They are the more than 100,000 young people just starting college throughout the country. Their brief biographies include educational experiments, battles of ideas, and the emergence of new technologies They know more about X-Men than about Elpidio Valdés, and only remember Fidel Castro from old photos and archived documentaries. They are the Wi-Fi kids with their pirate networks, raised with the « packets » of copied shows and illegal satellite dishes
New students at the University of Havana (14ymedio)
Born during the Special Period, they have grown up trapped in the dual currency system, and when they get their degrees Raul Castro will no longer be in power. They are the more than 100,000 young people just starting college throughout the country. Their brief biographies include educational experiments, battles of ideas, and the emergence of new technologies They know more about X-Men than about Elpidio Valdés, and only remember Fidel Castro from old photos and archived documentaries.
They are the Wi-Fi kids with their pirate networks, raised with the « packets » of copied shows and illegal satellite dishes. Some nights they would connect through routers and play strategy video games that made them feel powerful and free. Whoever wants to know them should know that they’ve had « emerging teachers » since elementary school and were taught grammar, math and ideology via television screens. However, they ended up being the least ideological of the Cubans who today inhabit this Island, the most cosmopolitan and with the greatest vision of the future.
On arriving at junior high school they played at throwing around around the obligatory snack of bread while their parents furtively passed their lunches through the school gate. They have a special physical ability, an adaptation that has allowed them to survive the environment; they don’t hear what doesn’t interest them, they close their ears to the harangues of morning assemblies and politicians. They seem lazier than other generations and in reality they are, but in their case this apathy acts like an evolutionary advantage. They’re better than us and will live in a country that has nothing to do with what we were promised.
A few months ago, these same young people, starred in the best known case of school fraud uncovered publicly. Some of those hoping to earn a place in higher education bought the answers to an admissions test. They were used to paying for approval, because they had to turn to private tutors to teach them what they should have learned in the classroom. Many of those who recently enrolled in the university had private teachers starting in elementary school. They are the children of a new emerging class that has used its resources so that their children can reach a desk at the right hand — or the left — of the alma mater.
These young people dressed in uniforms in their earlier grades, but they struggled to differentiate themselves through the length of a shirt, a fringe of bleached hair, or through pants sagging below their hips. They are the children of those who barely had a change of underwear in the nineties, so their parents tried to make sure they didn’t « go through the same thing, » and turned to the black market for their clothes and shoes. They mock the false austerity and, not wanting to look like militants, they love bright shiny colors and name brand outfits.
Yesterday, with the start of the school year, they received a lecture about the attempts of « imperialism to undermine the revolution through its youth. » It was like a faint drizzle running over an impervious surface. The government is right to be worried; these young people who have entered the university will never become good soldiers or fanatics. The clay from which they are made cannot be molded.
Excerpt from:
Who Is Filling Cuba’s University Classrooms?
droits de l'homme
A Caricature of a Cuban Woman
Woman drinking (14ymedio) 14yMEDIO, Yoani Sanchez, Havana, 22 August 2014 — A woman on national television said that her husband « helps » her with some household chores. To many, the phrase may sound like the highest aspiration of every woman. Another lady asserts that her husband behaves like a « Federated man, » an allusion to the Federation of Cuban Women (FMC), which today is celebrating its 54th anniversary. As for me, on this side of the screen, I feel sorry for them in the face of such meekness
14yMEDIO, Yoani Sanchez, Havana, 22 August 2014 — A woman on national television said that her husband « helps » her with some household chores. To many, the phrase may sound like the highest aspiration of every woman. Another lady asserts that her husband behaves like a « Federated man, » an allusion to the Federation of Cuban Women (FMC), which today is celebrating its 54th anniversary. As for me, on this side of the screen, I feel sorry for them in the face of such meekness. Instead of the urgent demands they should mention, all I hear is this appreciation directed to a power as manly as it is deaf.
It’s not about « helping » to wash a plate or watch the kids, nor tiny illusory gender quotas that hide so much discrimination like a slap. The problem is that economic and political power remains mainly in masculine hands. What percentage of car owners are women? How many acres of land are owned or leased by women. How many Cuban ambassadors on missions abroad wear skirts? Can anyone recite the number of men who request paternity leave to take care of their newborns? How many young men are stopped by the police each day to warn them they can’t walk with a tourist? Who mostly attends the parent meetings at the schools?
Please, don’t try to « put us to sleep » with figures in the style of, « 65 percent of our cadres and 50 percent of our grassroots leaders are women. » The only thing this statistic means is that more responsibility falls on our shoulders, which means neither a high decision-making level nor greater rights. At least such a triumphalist phrase clarifies that there are « grassroots leaders, » because we know that decisions at the highest level are made by men who grew up under the precepts that we women are beautiful ornaments to have at hand… always and as long as we keep our mouths shut.
I feel sorry for the docile and timid feminist movement that exists in my country. Ashamed for those ladies with their ridiculous necklaces and abundant makeup who appear in the official media to tell us that « the Cuban woman has been the greatest ally of the Revolution. » Words spoken at the same moment when a company director is sexually harassing his secretary, when a beaten woman can’t get a restraining order against her abusive husband, when a policeman tells the victim of a sexual assault, « Well, with that skirt you’re wearing… » and the government recruits shock troops for an act of repudiation against the Ladies in White.
Women are the sector of the population that has the most reason to shout their displeasure. Because half a century after the founding of the caricature of an organization that is the Federation of Cuban Women, we are neither more free, nor more powerful, nor even more independent.
Follow this link:
A Caricature of a Cuban Woman
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